It also can be converted into vitamin K2 in animals. Vitamin K1 is active in animals and is responsible for the production of coagulation factors. It is most prevalent in green leafy vegetables because it is directly involved in photosynthesis. Vitamin K1, also known as phylloquinone, is a product of plant synthesis. Vitamin K occurs in two bioactive forms, vitamin K1, and vitamin K2. Recent research has linked vitamin K deficiency to issues with osteoporosis and cystic fibrosis. Vitamin K deficiency impairs the coagulation process leading to issues with bleeding. The process of vitamin K carboxylation allows the coagulation factors to bind calcium ions, which further facilitates the cascade pathways. It is a co-factor for vitamin K-dependent carboxylation, which includes various enzymes. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of coagulation proteins.

Vitamin K is found in foods and can be a dietary supplement. Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that affects coagulation pathways within the body.

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